Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-0394

High

Published: 14 January 2025

Published
14 January 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0655 91.3th percentile
Risk Priority 22 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-0394 is a high-severity Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type (CWE-434) vulnerability in Wordpress (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 8.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

The Groundhogg WordPress plugin for CRM, email, and marketing automation is affected by an arbitrary file upload vulnerability in all versions through 3.7.3.5. The flaw stems from absent file type validation inside the gh_big_file_upload function, which permits upload of files of any type and is tracked as CWE-434.

Authenticated attackers holding Author or higher privileges can exploit the issue over the network to place arbitrary files on the server, potentially achieving remote code execution with a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8.

References to the vulnerable code, a changeset, the plugin developer page, and a detailed Wordfence advisory indicate that updated versions have been published in the WordPress repository to address the missing validation.

The EPSS score rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.0909, indicating emerging exploitation interest after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

The WordPress CRM, Email & Marketing Automation for WordPress | Award Winner — Groundhogg plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the gh_big_file_upload() function in all versions up to, and including,…

more

3.7.3.5. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Author-level access and above, to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1505.003 Web Shell Persistence
Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.
Why these techniques?

Arbitrary file upload in public-facing WordPress plugin directly enables web shell deployment for RCE (T1505.003) after exploiting the vulnerable application (T1190).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-46384Shared CWE-434
CVE-2025-13516Shared CWE-434
CVE-2024-13011Shared CWE-434
CVE-2025-8323Shared CWE-434
CVE-2025-21624Shared CWE-434
CVE-2026-35164Shared CWE-434
CVE-2026-2097Shared CWE-434
CVE-2025-12154Shared CWE-434
CVE-2026-42748Shared CWE-434
CVE-2025-32957Shared CWE-434

Affected Assets

Wordpress
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly enforces validation of file types and content in uploads, addressing the missing file type validation in the gh_big_file_upload() function that enables arbitrary file uploads.

prevent

Mandates timely flaw remediation, such as patching the Groundhogg plugin beyond version 3.7.3.5 to eliminate the arbitrary file upload vulnerability.

preventdetect

Deploys malicious code protection mechanisms to scan for and block execution of dangerous uploaded files, mitigating RCE risk post-upload.

References