Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-0402

Medium

Published: 13 January 2025

Published
13 January 2025
Modified
21 October 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 5.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0013 31.8th percentile
Risk Priority 11 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-0402 is a medium-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in 1902756969 Reggie. Its CVSS base score is 5.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Ingress Tool Transfer (T1105); ranked at the 31.8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-0402 is a critical vulnerability in reggie version 1.0, a Java-based project hosted under the GitHub user 1902756969. The issue resides in the upload function within the file src/main/java/com/itheima/reggie/controller/CommonController.java, where manipulation of the file argument enables unrestricted file upload. Classified under CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type), it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) and was published on 2025-01-13.

The vulnerability is remotely exploitable with low complexity and no user interaction required, but it necessitates low privileges (PR:L) such as an authenticated user account. Attackers can achieve low-level impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability by uploading arbitrary files, potentially leading to further compromise depending on the application's context and server configuration.

Advisories referenced in GitHub issue #2 (https://github.com/1902756969/reggie/issues/2) and VulDB entries (e.g., https://vuldb.com/?id.291277) provide additional details on the vulnerability. No specific patches or mitigation steps are detailed in the core description, though the public disclosure of the exploit underscores the need for immediate review and updates.

The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used, increasing the risk for deployments of the affected reggie 1.0 component.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in 1902756969 reggie 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function upload of the file src/main/java/com/itheima/reggie/controller/CommonController.java. The manipulation of the argument file leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be launched remotely. The…

more

exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer Command And Control
Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1505.003 Web Shell Persistence
Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.
Why these techniques?

Unrestricted file upload (CWE-434) in a public-facing Java web app directly enables arbitrary file ingress (T1105), web shell deployment (T1505.003), and exploitation of a public-facing application for initial access (T1190).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-1107Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-0722Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-2687Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2026-4221Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2024-13133Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2026-1424Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-0460Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-2350Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-1166Shared CWE-284, CWE-434
CVE-2025-2115Shared CWE-284, CWE-434

Affected Assets

1902756969
reggie
1.0

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires validation of file inputs at entry points to block unrestricted uploads of dangerous files like those exploited in this CVE.

prevent

Restricts the types and quantities of files accepted by upload interfaces, preventing manipulation leading to arbitrary file uploads.

prevent

Enforces access control policies on the upload function to ensure only authorized and safe file operations are permitted, addressing the improper access control (CWE-284).

References