CVE-2025-0520
Published: 29 April 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-0520 is a critical-severity Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type (CWE-434) vulnerability in Org (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.4 (Critical).
Operationally, ranked in the top 15.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
An unrestricted file upload vulnerability exists in ShowDoc versions before 2.8.7, where improper validation of file extensions permits the upload and subsequent execution of arbitrary PHP code. The flaw is tracked as CWE-434 and carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 9.4, reflecting network-accessible conditions with low attack complexity and low privileges required.
An authenticated attacker can upload a malicious PHP file that bypasses extension checks, enabling remote code execution on the server. Successful exploitation grants the ability to run arbitrary commands, potentially leading to full system compromise within the application's context.
The referenced GitHub pull request 1059 addresses the issue in version 2.8.7, while related advisories from CNVD and VulnCheck document the same class of unauthenticated or low-privileged file-upload RCE in ShowDoc. Administrators should upgrade promptly and restrict file-upload functionality until patches are applied.
EPSS scores remain low, with a current value of 0.0210 and a peak of 0.0255, indicating no significant post-disclosure exploitation interest.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-12661
Vulnerability details
An unrestricted file upload vulnerability in ShowDoc caused by improper validation of file extension allows execution of arbitrary PHP, leading to remote code execution.This issue affects ShowDoc: before 2.8.7.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Requiring identifiable owners for portable devices reduces the attack surface for unrestricted uploads of dangerous file types via anonymous media.
Dangerous file uploads can be detonated in the chamber to determine malice before any production write or execution occurs.
Prevents unrestricted writing of arbitrary or malicious firmware by keeping hardware write-protect enabled except under tightly controlled manual procedures.
Scans files from external sources on download/open/execute, blocking unrestricted uploads of dangerous file types.