Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-0676

HighRCE

Published: 02 April 2025

Published
02 April 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
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Patch
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CVSS Score v4 8.6 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0071 72.6th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-0676 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Moxa (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 8.6 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 27.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-0676 is a command injection vulnerability in tcpdump within Moxa products that stems from improper input validation and is tracked under CWE-78. The flaw permits an authenticated user to supply crafted input that results in execution of arbitrary system commands on the affected device.

An attacker with console access can leverage the issue to escalate privileges, obtain a root shell, and establish persistent control. Successful exploitation can also interrupt network services and degrade availability for any downstream systems that depend on the device's connectivity. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 8.6 with a network attack vector and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Moxa has published an advisory (MPSA-259491) that addresses the command-injection issue leading to privilege escalation. The EPSS score for this CVE rose from a low baseline to a recorded peak of 0.0162, indicating increased exploitation interest after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

This vulnerability involves command injection in tcpdump within Moxa products, enabling an authenticated attacker with console access to exploit improper input validation to inject and execute systems commands. Successful exploitation could result in privilege escalation, allowing the attacker to gain…

more

root shell access and maintain persistent control over the device, potentially disrupting network services and affecting the availability of downstream systems that rely on its connectivity.

CWE(s)
CWE-78

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

Moxa
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inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

SC-27 Platform-independent Applications
addresses: CWE-78

Platform-independent apps typically execute inside a managed runtime or sandbox that restricts direct OS command execution, reducing the ability to exploit OS command injection.

SI-10 Information Input Validation
addresses: CWE-78

Validates inputs to block special elements that would alter OS command execution.

References