Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-0788

Medium

Published: 28 January 2025

Published
28 January 2025
Modified
16 May 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 6.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0006 20.1th percentile
Risk Priority 13 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-0788 is a medium-severity Injection (CWE-74) vulnerability in Esafenet Cdg. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 20.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 RA-5 (Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly prevents SQL injection by validating and sanitizing the untrusted 'id' parameter in /content_top.jsp before processing.

prevent

Mandates identification, reporting, and correction of the SQL injection flaw in ESAFENET CDG V5 to eliminate the vulnerability.

detect

Vulnerability scanning detects the SQL injection issue in /content_top.jsp, enabling prioritization and risk-based remediation.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1505 Server Software Component Persistence
Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.
T1213.006 Databases Collection
Adversaries may leverage databases to mine valuable information.
Why these techniques?

SQL injection in public-facing web app (/content_top.jsp) enables initial access via exploitation of public-facing application (T1190), server software component abuse for execution (T1505 as cited in advisory), and data collection from databases (T1213.006) through arbitrary SQL queries.

NVD Description

A vulnerability was found in ESAFENET CDG V5. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /content_top.jsp. The manipulation of the argument id leads to sql injection. The attack may be…

more

launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-0788 is a SQL injection vulnerability in ESAFENET CDG V5, affecting an unknown functionality within the /content_top.jsp file. The issue arises from manipulation of the "id" argument, classified under CWE-74 and CWE-89. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) and was published on 2025-01-28.

The vulnerability enables remote exploitation by an attacker possessing low privileges (PR:L), requiring no user interaction. Successful exploitation results in low impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability, allowing limited unauthorized access, modification, or disruption via SQL injection.

References, including a GitHub disclosure at https://github.com/Rain1er/report/blob/main/CDG/content_top.md and VulDB entries (https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.293912, https://vuldb.com/?id.293912, https://vuldb.com/?submit.483341), confirm the exploit has been publicly disclosed and is available for use. The vendor was contacted early regarding the issue but provided no response, with no patches or mitigations detailed in available sources.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

esafenet
cdg
5

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-0793Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-2927Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-1841Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-0789Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-0791Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-1840Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-1844Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-0786Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-0792Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-1845Same vendor: Esafenet

References