Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-0789

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 28 January 2025

Published
28 January 2025
Modified
23 May 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 6.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0005 14.9th percentile
Risk Priority 13 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-0789 is a medium-severity Injection (CWE-74) vulnerability in Esafenet Cdg. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 14.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-7 (Boundary Protection) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates SQL injection in the 'flowId' parameter by requiring validation of all information inputs at web application entry points like /doneDetail.jsp.

preventdetect

Boundary protection mechanisms such as web application firewalls monitor and block malicious SQL injection payloads targeting parameters like 'flowId' at external interfaces.

preventrecover

Requires timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like this SQL injection vulnerability through patches or compensating controls such as input sanitization.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Direct remote SQL injection in a web application endpoint enables exploitation of public-facing apps for initial access and limited data impact.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in ESAFENET CDG V5. This affects an unknown part of the file /doneDetail.jsp. The manipulation of the argument flowId leads to sql injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The…

more

exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-0789 is a critical SQL injection vulnerability in ESAFENET CDG V5, specifically affecting an unknown functionality within the /doneDetail.jsp file. The issue arises from improper handling of the 'flowId' parameter, which an attacker can manipulate to inject malicious SQL code. Classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command) and CWE-89 (SQL Injection), it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating medium severity despite the critical label.

The vulnerability can be exploited remotely by an attacker with low privileges (PR:L), requiring no user interaction and low attack complexity over the network. Successful exploitation enables limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially allowing unauthorized data access, modification, or disruption through SQL injection. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and is available for use, increasing the risk of active attacks.

Advisories from VulDB (ctiid.293913, id.293913, submit.483342) and a GitHub report detail the vulnerability, including proof-of-concept exploitation steps in /doneDetail.md. The vendor was notified early but has not responded or issued any patches, leaving affected systems without official mitigations; practitioners should implement input validation, parameterized queries, or restrict access to the endpoint as interim measures.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

esafenet
cdg
5

CVEs Like This One

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CVE-2025-0786Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-0792Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-2927Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-1841Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-0788Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-0793Same product: Esafenet Cdg
CVE-2025-1845Same vendor: Esafenet

References