CVE-2025-10412

Critical

Published: 23 September 2025

Published

23 September 2025

Modified

15 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0079 73.9th percentile

Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-10412 is a critical-severity Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type (CWE-434) vulnerability in Moomoo (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 26.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Remediating the specific flaw in the uni_cpo_upload_file function's file type validation directly prevents arbitrary file uploads and potential RCE.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

Requiring validation of file inputs like type, extension, and content blocks arbitrary files exploiting the plugin's misconfigured validation.

SI-9 Information Input Restrictions good match

prevent

Restricting allowed file types and sizes for uploads prevents unauthenticated attackers from submitting harmful arbitrary files to the WordPress server.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1505.003 Web Shell Persistence

Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.

attack.mitre.org →

T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer Command And Control

Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Arbitrary file upload in public-facing WordPress plugin enables RCE via web shell deployment and tool transfer.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

The Product Options and Price Calculation Formulas for WooCommerce – Uni CPO (Premium) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to misconfigured file type validation in the 'uni_cpo_upload_file' function in all versions up to, and including, 4.9.55.…

This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-10412 is a critical vulnerability in the Product Options and Price Calculation Formulas for WooCommerce – Uni CPO (Premium) plugin for WordPress, affecting all versions up to and including 4.9.55. The flaw stems from misconfigured file type validation in the 'uni_cpo_upload_file' function, enabling arbitrary file uploads (CWE-434). It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for severe impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with low complexity and no user interaction required. By uploading arbitrary files to the affected WordPress site's server, attackers may achieve remote code execution, potentially compromising the entire server hosting the site.

Advisories from the plugin vendor at https://moomoo.agency/cpo and Wordfence at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/1c0c6a45-2c4a-4a23-84e6-7a9759796824?source=cve detail the issue and likely recommend mitigation steps, such as updating to a patched version beyond 4.9.55 or disabling the plugin until remediation.