Raw vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:XCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2025-11609 is a low-severity Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key (CWE-321) vulnerability in Fabian Hospital Management System. Its CVSS base score is 2.9 (Low).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Private Keys (T1552.004); ranked at the 39th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SC-12 (Cryptographic Key Establishment and Management) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2025-11609 affects Hospital Management System 1.0 from code-projects.org, specifically the session function within the express-session component. The vulnerability stems from the use of a hard-coded cryptographic key, which is triggered by manipulating the secret argument with the input "secret". This flaw, associated with CWE-320 (Missing Cryptographic Key Management) and CWE-321 (Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key), has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 3.7 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N) and was published on 2025-10-11.
Remote attackers with no required privileges can initiate exploitation over the network, though it demands high complexity and is rated as difficult to exploit. Successful attacks result in low-impact integrity violations, such as potential session tampering or forgery due to the predictable cryptographic key, without affecting confidentiality or availability.
References, including VulDB entries (ctiid.327932, id.327932) and a GitHub disclosure at lakshayyverma/CVE-Discovery, indicate that an exploit has been published and may be used. No specific patch or mitigation details are provided in the available information.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-33870
Vulnerability Data
A flaw has been found in code-projects Hospital Management System 1.0. Affected is the function session of the component express-session. This manipulation of the argument secret with the input secret causes use of hard-coded cryptographic key . The attack can…
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be initiated remotely. The attack is considered to have high complexity. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been published and may be used.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Requiring cryptographic keys to be established and managed according to defined requirements prevents developers from embedding static unchangeable keys.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Secure-SDLC activities such as code review and secret scanning directly prevent embedding static keys.
Data-at-rest protection policies require proper key management and therefore discourage hard-coded keys.
Data-in-transit protection similarly depends on non-hard-coded keys for encryption.
Configuration baselines and reviews can prohibit hard-coded keys in deployed artifacts.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Key-management controls that govern generation, rotation and protection of keys make the use of embedded hard-coded cryptographic keys less likely and easier to detect.