CVE-2025-12420
Published: 12 January 2026
Summary
CVE-2025-12420 is a critical-severity Execution with Unnecessary Privileges (CWE-250) vulnerability in Servicenow Now Assist Ai Agents. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 1.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as Enterprise AI Assistants; in the Privacy and Disclosure risk domain.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and IA-2 (Identification and Authentication (Organizational Users)).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-12420, published on 2026-01-12, is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8; CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) in the ServiceNow AI Platform, associated with CWE-250. The flaw enables an unauthenticated user to impersonate another user and perform any operations that the impersonated user is entitled to execute.
An unauthenticated attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to assume the identity and privileges of the target user, potentially compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability through unauthorized actions within the platform.
ServiceNow addressed the vulnerability by deploying a security update to hosted instances in October 2025, with updates also provided to self-hosted customers, partners, and hosted customers with unique configurations. The issue is fixed in the listed Store App versions. Customers are advised to promptly apply the relevant security update or upgrade. Additional details are available in the advisory at https://support.servicenow.com/kb?id=kb_article_view&sysparm_article=KB2587329.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-206275
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability has been identified in the ServiceNow AI Platform that could enable an unauthenticated user to impersonate another user and perform the operations that the impersonated user is entitled to perform. ServiceNow has addressed this vulnerability by deploying a…
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relevant security update to hosted instances in October 2025. Security updates have also been provided to ServiceNow self-hosted customers, partners, and hosted customers with unique configurations. Additionally, the vulnerability is addressed in the listed Store App versions. We recommend that customers promptly apply an appropriate security update or upgrade if they have not already done so.
- CWE(s)
AI Security AnalysisAI
- AI Category
- Enterprise AI Assistants
- Risk Domain
- Privacy and Disclosure
- OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
- None mapped
- Classification Reason
- Matched keywords: ai
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Direct unauthenticated user impersonation in a public-facing SaaS platform enables remote exploitation (T1190) and identity assumption (T1656).
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Mandates unique identification and authentication for organizational users, directly preventing unauthenticated impersonation in the ServiceNow AI Platform.
Enforces approved access authorizations for system resources, blocking impersonated users from performing unauthorized operations.
Requires timely remediation of flaws like CVE-2025-12420 through applying vendor security updates and patches.