Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-1339

Medium

Published: 16 February 2025

Published
16 February 2025
Modified
10 March 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 6.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0007 21.1th percentile
Risk Priority 13 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1339 is a medium-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Totolink X18 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 21.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly requires validation of untrusted inputs like the 'enable' argument in setL2tpdConfig to prevent OS command injection exploitation.

prevent

Restricts the 'enable' parameter to whitelisted values such as '0' or '1', blocking command injection attempts via invalid inputs.

prevent

Ensures timely identification, reporting, and remediation of flaws like this critical OS command injection in router firmware.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
Why these techniques?

OS command injection in public router web interface (setL2tpdConfig) directly enables remote exploitation of a public-facing application and arbitrary Unix shell command execution.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK X18 9.1.0cu.2024_B20220329. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function setL2tpdConfig of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument enable leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated…

more

remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-1339 is an OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-77, CWE-78) in TOTOLINK X18 routers running firmware version 9.1.0cu.2024_B20220329. The flaw affects the setL2tpdConfig function in the /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi file, where manipulation of the "enable" argument enables arbitrary command execution. Rated as critical by some sources with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L), it was published on 2025-02-16.

The vulnerability is exploitable remotely by an authenticated attacker with low privileges. Exploitation allows limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially enabling command execution on the underlying operating system.

VulDB advisories and a GitHub repository detail the issue, confirming public disclosure of an exploit that may be actively used. TOTOLINK was contacted early regarding the vulnerability but provided no response, and no patches or mitigations are mentioned on their website or in referenced submissions.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

totolink
x18 firmware
9.1.0cu.2024_b20220329

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-1829Same product: Totolink X18
CVE-2025-61045Same product: Totolink X18
CVE-2025-61044Same product: Totolink X18
CVE-2025-1340Same product: Totolink X18
CVE-2026-4611Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-2096Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2026-3301Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-2094Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-14586Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2026-5101Same vendor: Totolink

References