CVE-2025-21241
Published: 14 January 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-21241 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation of Remote Services (T1210); ranked in the top 20.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-21241 is a remote code execution vulnerability in the Windows Telephony Service. The flaw is tracked under CWE-122 and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8, reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, no required privileges, and required user interaction.
An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the issue by convincing a target user to interact with specially crafted content, resulting in arbitrary code execution with full control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected system.
Microsoft's advisory published at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21241 provides official guidance and patches for the vulnerability.
EPSS scores remain low, with a current value of 0.0123 and a peak of 0.0164.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-2308
Vulnerability details
Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
RCE in Windows Telephony Service (remote, unauthenticated, network-accessible) directly maps to exploitation of remote services (T1210) and enables arbitrary command/script execution (T1059).
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Requires timely remediation of the specific Remote Code Execution flaw in Windows Telephony Service via patching.
Implements memory protections such as ASLR and DEP that directly mitigate buffer overflow (CWE-122) exploitation leading to RCE.
Minimizes attack surface by disabling the unnecessary Windows Telephony Service, preventing remote exploitation opportunities.