Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-21330

High

Published: 14 January 2025

Published
14 January 2025
Modified
21 January 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0131 80.0th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-21330 is a high-severity Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1809. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004); ranked in the top 20.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-5 (Denial-of-service Protection) and SC-6 (Resource Availability).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

SI-2 requires timely flaw remediation including patching the specific Windows Remote Desktop Services vulnerability, directly eliminating the uncontrolled resource consumption issue.

prevent

SC-5 implements denial-of-service protections at network entry points to block unauthenticated remote attacks exploiting the RDS DoS vulnerability.

prevent

SC-6 enforces resource allocation policies and monitors for exhaustion conditions to mitigate CWE-400 uncontrolled resource consumption in Remote Desktop Services.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability is a remote unauthenticated DoS in Windows Remote Desktop Services via resource exhaustion (CWE-400), directly enabling T1499.004 (Application or System Exploitation) to crash/deny availability of the service.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Windows Remote Desktop Services Denial of Service Vulnerability

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-21330 is a Denial of Service vulnerability in Windows Remote Desktop Services. Published on 2025-01-14, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) and is associated with CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption) as well as NVD-CWE-noinfo.

Unauthenticated attackers on the network can exploit this vulnerability with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation results in a high impact to availability, enabling denial of service against the affected Remote Desktop Services component without compromising confidentiality or integrity.

The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21330 provides details on mitigation and available patches.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.6775 · ≤ 10.0.17763.6775
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.5371
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.5371
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.4751
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.4751
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.2894
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.6775
microsoft
windows server 2022
≤ 10.0.20348.3091
microsoft
windows server 2022 23h2
≤ 10.0.25398.1369
microsoft
windows server 2025
≤ 10.0.26100.2894

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21207Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2025-21351Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2025-21290Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2025-21289Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2025-21270Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2025-21300Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2025-21389Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2025-21251Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2025-21230Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809
CVE-2025-21218Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2019

References