Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-2289

Medium

Published: 14 March 2025

Published
14 March 2025
Modified
21 March 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 4.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0009 25.2th percentile
Risk Priority 9 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-2289 is a medium-severity Missing Authorization (CWE-862) vulnerability in Zozothemes Zegen. Its CVSS base score is 4.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 25.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-6 (Least Privilege).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-2289 affects the Zegen Church WordPress Theme for WordPress, enabling unauthorized access due to a missing capability check on several AJAX endpoints. This vulnerability impacts all versions up to and including 1.1.9 and is classified under CWE-862 (Missing Authorization). It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N), indicating a moderate risk with network accessibility, low attack complexity, and low privileges required.

Authenticated attackers possessing Subscriber-level access or higher can exploit the vulnerability remotely without user interaction. Exploitation allows them to import, export, and update theme options, resulting in unauthorized integrity impacts such as modification of theme configurations.

Mitigation guidance is available in advisories including the Wordfence threat intelligence report at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/a04db024-5198-490f-bf5f-d5bad1b21ce4?source=cve and the theme's product page on ThemeForest at https://themeforest.net/item/zegen-church-wordpress-theme/25116823. The vulnerability was published on 2025-03-14T06:15:25.230.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

The Zegen - Church WordPress Theme theme for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access due to a missing capability check on several AJAX endpoints in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.9. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with…

more

Subscriber-level access and above, to import, export, and update theme options.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

The CVE describes exploitation of a missing authorization vulnerability in a public-facing WordPress theme via authenticated AJAX requests, directly enabling T1190 for initial access or unauthorized actions in an Internet-facing application.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-45209Shared CWE-862
CVE-2026-25026Shared CWE-862
CVE-2026-42083Shared CWE-862
CVE-2026-0656Shared CWE-862
CVE-2026-24532Shared CWE-862
CVE-2025-13603Shared CWE-862
CVE-2025-69063Shared CWE-862
CVE-2026-3045Shared CWE-862
CVE-2025-67956Shared CWE-862
CVE-2025-41765Shared CWE-862

Affected Assets

zozothemes
zegen
≤ 1.1.9

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Enforces approved authorizations for access to system resources, directly addressing the missing capability checks on AJAX endpoints that enable unauthorized theme option modifications.

prevent

Employs least privilege to restrict Subscriber-level users from performing unauthorized import, export, and update actions on theme options.

prevent

Requires timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like the missing authorization in the Zegen theme, eliminating the vulnerability through remediation.

References