Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-22926

Critical

Published: 03 April 2025

Published
03 April 2025
Modified
30 April 2025
KEV Added
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Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0103 77.7th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-22926 is a critical-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Os4Ed Opensis. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 22.3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-22926 is a directory traversal vulnerability, tracked as CWE-22, that affects the openSIS student information system from OS4ED in versions 8.0 through 9.1. The flaw resides in the messaging component and can be triggered by a crafted POST request to the endpoint /Modules.php?modname=messaging/Inbox.php&modfunc=save&filename. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, reflecting network-accessible attack vectors with no required authentication or user interaction and full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can supply a malicious filename parameter in the POST request to traverse directories on the underlying server. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to read or write arbitrary files, potentially leading to source-code disclosure, configuration theft, or full system compromise depending on the web-server privileges and file-system permissions.

The two public references point to the openSIS-Classic GitHub repository and a dedicated vulnerability-research repository that documents the issue; neither reference supplies vendor advisories, patch details, or mitigation guidance. The associated EPSS score remains low, with a current value of 0.0103 and a recorded peak of 0.0178.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

An issue in OS4ED openSIS v8.0 through v9.1 allows attackers to execute a directory traversal by sending a crafted POST request to /Modules.php?modname=messaging/Inbox.php&modfunc=save&filename.

CWE(s)
CWE-22

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1505.003 Web Shell Persistence
Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Directory traversal in file save endpoint enables exploitation of public-facing web application (T1190) and facilitates web shell deployment (T1100) via arbitrary file write.

Affected Assets

os4ed
opensis
8.0 — 9.1

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

SI-10 Information Input Validation
addresses: CWE-22

Validates pathnames and filenames to prevent traversal outside intended directories.

References