Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-22949

CriticalPublic PoCRCE

Published: 10 January 2025

Published
10 January 2025
Modified
09 April 2025
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.1077 93.5th percentile
Risk Priority 26 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-22949 is a critical-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Tenda Ac9 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 6.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

Tenda AC9 v1.0 running firmware v15.03.05.19 is affected by a command injection vulnerability in the /goform/SetSambaCfg endpoint. The flaw, assigned CVE-2025-22949 and carrying a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8, arises from insufficient sanitization of user-supplied parameters that are passed directly to system command execution, corresponding to CWE-77.

An unauthenticated attacker with network access can submit crafted HTTP requests to the endpoint and inject arbitrary operating-system commands. Successful exploitation yields remote code execution with full privileges on the router, enabling persistent compromise, traffic interception, or use of the device in further attacks.

A technical breakdown of the vulnerable SetSambaCfg handler and its doSystemCmd invocation is available in public references. The current EPSS score of 0.1077 with a peak of 0.1165 reflects moderate exploitation interest without a pronounced post-disclosure climb from a low baseline.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Tenda ac9 v1.0 firmware v15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to command injection in /goform/SetSambaCfg, which may lead to remote arbitrary code execution.

CWE(s)
CWE-77

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Unauthenticated command injection in public router web endpoint directly enables remote OS command execution (T1190 initial access + T1059.004 Unix Shell).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-6015Same product: Tenda Ac9
CVE-2025-22946Same product: Tenda Ac9
CVE-2025-29385Same product: Tenda Ac9
CVE-2026-6016Same product: Tenda Ac9
CVE-2025-29387Same product: Tenda Ac9
CVE-2026-2191Same product: Tenda Ac9
CVE-2026-2192Same product: Tenda Ac9
CVE-2025-29386Same product: Tenda Ac9
CVE-2025-29384Same product: Tenda Ac9
CVE-2025-10443Same product: Tenda Ac9

Affected Assets

tenda
ac9 firmware
15.03.05.19

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Directly addresses the insufficient input validation in the /goform/SetSambaCfg endpoint that enables command injection.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Requires identification, reporting, and correction of the specific command injection flaw via firmware remediation.

SI-9 Information Input Restrictions partial match
prevent

Restricts classes of inputs to the vulnerable endpoint, limiting the ability to submit command injection payloads.

References