Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-23716

High

Published: 03 March 2025

Published
03 March 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0035 57.6th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23716 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 42.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-23716 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Stored Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, in the JkmAS Login Watchdog WordPress plugin (login-watchdog). This issue affects all versions of the plugin up to and including 1.0.4.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating network accessibility, low attack complexity, no privileges required for the attacker, and user interaction needed for exploitation. An attacker can inject and store malicious scripts via the plugin, which execute in the browser context of other users who view affected pages, enabling potential theft of session data, defacement, or further compromise with low impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability across a changed scope.

Patchstack's advisory documents this Stored XSS vulnerability in the WordPress Login Watchdog plugin version 1.0.4, providing details via their vulnerability database at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/login-watchdog/vulnerability/wordpress-login-watchdog-plugin-1-0-4-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in JkmAS Login Watchdog login-watchdog allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Login Watchdog: from n/a through <= 1.0.4.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability is a stored XSS flaw in a public-facing WordPress plugin that allows unauthenticated injection of malicious scripts executed in other users' browsers. This directly maps to exploitation of public-facing applications.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2021-47873Shared CWE-79
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CVE-2024-56060Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-49043Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-40038Shared CWE-79
CVE-2024-56022Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-68889Shared CWE-79
CVE-2026-1074Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-22539Shared CWE-79
CVE-2025-22286Shared CWE-79

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

SI-10 requires validation of information inputs to prevent improper neutralization, directly mitigating the stored XSS vulnerability by ensuring malicious scripts are not accepted and stored.

prevent

SI-15 mandates filtering of information outputs to block execution of injected scripts in user browsers, comprehensively addressing the impact of stored XSS payloads.

preventrecover

SI-2 ensures timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like this stored XSS vulnerability through patching the affected WordPress plugin.

References