Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-23821

High

Published: 16 January 2025

Published
16 January 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0010 28.0th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23821 is a high-severity CSRF (CWE-352) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 28.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-23 (Session Authenticity) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly remediates the CSRF flaw in the WP Cookies Alert plugin by applying patches to prevent forged requests from modifying settings.

prevent

Protects communications session authenticity to block CSRF exploitation requiring user interaction with malicious pages while authenticated.

prevent

Validates inputs such as CSRF tokens on plugin endpoints to reject unauthorized forged requests that could alter configurations.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

CSRF vulnerability in public-facing WordPress plugin directly enables exploitation of the web application to perform unauthorized actions like modifying settings.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in aleapp WP Cookies Alert wp-cookies-alert allows Cross Site Request Forgery.This issue affects WP Cookies Alert: from n/a through <= 1.1.1.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-23821 is a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability, classified under CWE-352, in the WP Cookies Alert WordPress plugin (wp-cookies-alert) developed by aleapp. This issue affects all versions of the plugin from n/a through 1.1.1 inclusive. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1, reflecting network accessibility (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no required privileges (PR:N), user interaction required (UI:R), changed scope (S:C), and low impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:L/I:L/A:L).

The vulnerability enables exploitation by remote attackers who can craft malicious requests to trick authenticated users into performing unintended actions on a vulnerable WordPress site, such as modifying plugin settings or configurations via forged cross-site requests. Exploitation requires the victim to interact with a malicious webpage (e.g., clicking a link or loading a page) while authenticated to the target site, allowing the attacker to leverage the user's session without their knowledge. Successful attacks could result in low-level disruptions to data confidentiality, integrity, and availability within the changed scope.

Mitigation details are outlined in the Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-cookies-alert/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-cookies-alert-plugin-1-1-1-csrf-to-stored-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve, which addresses the CSRF issue in WP Cookies Alert version 1.1.1. Security practitioners should review this reference for patching guidance and verify updates beyond version 1.1.1.

Details

CWE(s)

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References