CVE-2025-23835

High

Published: 23 January 2025

Published

23 January 2025

Modified

23 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score v3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

EPSS Score 0.0019 40.4th percentile

Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-23835 is a high-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 40.4th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-15 (Information Output Filtering).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-23835 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, affecting the Legal + WordPress plugin (also referred to as legal-plus) developed by jmraya. This issue impacts all versions of the plugin from n/a through 1.0 inclusive.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating exploitation is possible over the network with low attack complexity, no required privileges, but necessitating user interaction such as clicking a malicious link. Attackers can trick authenticated or unauthenticated users into executing arbitrary scripts in their browsers within the context of the vulnerable site, potentially leading to limited impacts on confidentiality (e.g., session hijacking), integrity, and availability with a changed scope.

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/legal-plus/vulnerability/wordpress-legal-plugin-1-0-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve documents this reflected XSS vulnerability in the Legal + WordPress plugin version 1.0 and provides details on affected installations.

EU & UK References

🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-3464

Vulnerability details

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in jmraya Legal + legal-plus allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects Legal +: from n/a through <= 1.0.

CWE(s): CWE-79

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1059.007 JavaScript Execution

Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution.

attack.mitre.org →

T1204.001 Malicious Link Execution

An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution.

attack.mitre.org →

T1566.002 Spearphishing Link Initial Access

Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious link in an attempt to gain access to victim systems.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Reflected XSS in public-facing WordPress plugin enables exploitation of web app (T1190), arbitrary JavaScript execution in browser (T1059.007), and delivery via malicious links (T1204.001) or spearphishing (T1566.002).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0