Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-24057

High

Published: 11 March 2025

Published
11 March 2025
Modified
02 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0022 44.3th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-24057 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Office Long Term Servicing Channel. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked at the 44.3th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Requires organizations to identify, report, and correct flaws like this heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office through timely patching as referenced in the MSRC advisory.

prevent

Implements memory protection mechanisms such as ASLR and DEP to prevent unauthorized code execution from heap-based buffer overflows in vulnerable applications like Microsoft Office.

prevent

Mandates validation of information inputs to detect and reject malformed Office file data that could trigger the buffer overflow vulnerability.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1204.002 Malicious File Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution.
Why these techniques?

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office enables arbitrary code execution when a user opens a specially crafted malicious file, directly mapping to client-side exploitation (T1203) and user execution via malicious file (T1204.002).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-24057 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-122) affecting Microsoft Office. Published on 2025-03-11T17:16:28.390, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). The issue enables an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally via malformed input processed by the software.

Exploitation requires local access to the target system with low attack complexity and no privileges, but user interaction is necessary, such as opening a specially crafted Office file. A successful attack grants the attacker arbitrary code execution on the local machine, resulting in high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24057 provides details on mitigation and available patches.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
365 apps
all versions
microsoft
office
2016, 2019
microsoft
office long term servicing channel
2021, 2024

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References