Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-54910

High

Published: 09 September 2025

Published
09 September 2025
Modified
12 September 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0011 28.8th percentile
Risk Priority 17 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-54910 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Office Long Term Servicing Channel. Its CVSS base score is 8.4 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 28.8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 RA-5 (Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly remediates the heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office by requiring timely identification, testing, and installation of vendor patches.

prevent

Implements memory protection mechanisms like ASLR and DEP to prevent arbitrary code execution resulting from the heap buffer overflow.

detect

Monitors and scans for vulnerabilities such as CVE-2025-54910 in Microsoft Office to identify affected systems for remediation.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Heap buffer overflow in local Microsoft Office component directly enables arbitrary code execution without privileges or interaction, mapping to local privilege escalation via exploitation.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-54910 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-122) affecting Microsoft Office. Published on 2025-09-09, it has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.4 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). The flaw enables an unauthorized attacker to execute arbitrary code locally by triggering the buffer overflow.

An attacker with local access to the affected system can exploit this vulnerability with low complexity and no privileges or user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to achieve high-impact confidentiality, integrity, and availability effects, potentially leading to full local code execution under the context of the Office application.

The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54910 provides details on mitigation and available patches.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
365 apps
all versions
microsoft
office
2016, 2019
microsoft
office long term servicing channel
2021, 2024

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References