CVE-2025-24399
Jenkins Openid Connect Authentication ≤ 4.438.440.v3f5f201de5dc
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2025-24399 is a high-severity Incorrect Default Permissions (CWE-276) vulnerability in Jenkins Openid Connect Authentication. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Services File Permissions Weakness (T1574.010); ranked at the 43th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-6 (Least Privilege) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2025-24399 affects the Jenkins OpenId Connect Authentication Plugin versions 4.452.v2849b_d3945fa_ and earlier, excluding 4.438.440.v3f5f201de5dc. The vulnerability arises because the plugin treats usernames as case-insensitive, despite being configured with a case-sensitive OpenID Connect provider. This discrepancy enables attackers to authenticate as any user by submitting a username that matches the target only in letter case.
Attackers require low privileges (PR:L) on affected Jenkins instances and can exploit remotely (AV:N) with low complexity (AC:L), no user interaction (UI:N), and unchanged scope (S:U). Exploitation yields high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H), with a CVSS v3.1 score of 8.8. Attackers can log in as any user, potentially including administrators, to gain full access to the Jenkins instance. It is associated with CWE-276.
The Jenkins security advisory (https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2025-01-22/#SECURITY-3461) states that upgrading to OpenId Connect Authentication Plugin version 4.452.v2849b_d3945fa_6 or later fixes the issue by correctly respecting case sensitivity from the OpenID Connect provider.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-0186
Vulnerability Data
Jenkins OpenId Connect Authentication Plugin 4.452.v2849b_d3945fa_ and earlier, except 4.438.440.v3f5f201de5dc, treats usernames as case-insensitive, allowing attackers on Jenkins instances configured with a case-sensitive OpenID Connect provider to log in as any user by providing a username that differs only in…
more
letter case, potentially gaining administrator access to Jenkins.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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- 11 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
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Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Enforces approved authorizations on files and resources so overly permissive defaults cannot be exploited.
Requires least-privilege defaults so that installed files are not world-writable by default.
Requires documented, restrictive configuration settings that cover file and directory permissions.
Enforces access restrictions on changes, including permission settings applied during installation or configuration.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Hardened baselines and configuration management explicitly require correct default file permissions.
Defining and enforcing least-privilege access permissions directly prevents overly permissive defaults at install time.
Lifecycle management can encompass permission settings, yet the control is too broad to specifically mitigate incorrect defaults.
Secure SDLC practices include establishing secure defaults, but address only the development-phase portion of the weakness.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Standard templates that restrict access to utility programs and host parameter settings prevent the assignment of overly permissive default permissions on critical resources.
Hardening callouts derived
Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).
Windows Server 2016 (2 rules)
- V-224833 Permissions for program file directories must conform to minimum requirements. prevents CWE-276
- V-224834 Permissions for the Windows installation directory must conform to minimum requirements. prevents CWE-276
Windows Server 2019 (2 rules)
- V-205735 Windows Server 2019 permissions for program file directories must conform to minimum requirements. prevents CWE-276
- V-205736 Windows Server 2019 permissions for the Windows installation directory must conform to minimum requirements. prevents CWE-276
Windows Server 2022 (2 rules)
- V-254252 Windows Server 2022 permissions for program file directories must conform to minimum requirements. prevents CWE-276
- V-254253 Windows Server 2022 permissions for the Windows installation directory must conform to minimum requirements. prevents CWE-276