Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-24522

Auth Bypass

Published
01 May 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v4 9.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0077 52th percentile
Risk Priority 48 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-24522 is a critical-severity Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness (CWE-305) vulnerability in Revolutionpi (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 48% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to IA-2 (Identification and Authentication (Organizational Users)) and IA-8 (Identification and Authentication (Non-organizational Users)) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

KUNBUS Revolution Pi OS Bookworm 01/2025 contains a default configuration weakness in its Node-RED server that leaves authentication disabled. The affected component is the Node-RED instance bundled with the industrial OS image released in January 2025, exposing the server to network access without any credential requirement.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can connect directly to the Node-RED server and execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system, resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability is tracked as CWE-305 and carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 9.3 with a network attack vector and no required privileges or user interaction.

The CISA advisory ICSA-25-121-01 and the Revolution Pi package repository at packages.revolutionpi.de provide guidance on available mitigations and updated packages. The associated EPSS score remains low and unchanged at 0.0109, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

KUNBUS Revolution Pi OS Bookworm 01/2025 is vulnerable because authentication is not configured by default for the Node-RED server. This can give an unauthenticated remote attacker full access to the Node-RED server where they can run arbitrary commands on the…

more

underlying operating system.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-0869Shared CWE-305
CVE-2023-36497Shared CWE-305
CVE-2024-42513Shared CWE-305
CVE-2025-52996Shared CWE-305
CVE-2025-46750Shared CWE-305
CVE-2025-4994Shared CWE-305
CVE-2025-30428Shared CWE-305
CVE-2025-47776Shared CWE-305
CVE-2025-58382Shared CWE-305
CVE-2024-12582Shared CWE-305

Affected Assets

Revolutionpi
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 5 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V6.4.3
  • V7.2.4

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Requires unique identification and authentication of users, structurally blocking bypass of the mechanism.

Requires unique identification and authentication of non-organizational users, blocking bypass paths.

Enforces approved authorizations so a bypass weakness cannot be exploited to reach resources.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 full match
prevents

Secure development practices throughout the SDLC prevent the primary weaknesses that enable authentication bypass.

PR.AA-03 mostly match
prevents

Strong authentication mechanisms and policy enforcement directly reduce bypass opportunities arising from implementation flaws.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying and recording vulnerabilities catches the primary weaknesses that allow authentication bypass.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect authentication bypass conditions before deployment.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle reduces likelihood of introducing bypass flaws during implementation.

prevents

Secure coding practices help prevent the primary weakness that enables authentication bypass.

mitigates

Information access restriction complements authentication by limiting what can be reached even if bypass occurs.

prevents

Secure authentication mechanisms directly address bypass risks in the implemented authentication process.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Ubuntu 22.04 (1 rule)
  • V-260470 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, when booted, must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. prevents CWE-305
Ubuntu 24.04 (1 rule)
  • V-270675 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS when booted must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes. prevents CWE-305

References