CVE-2025-25362

CriticalRCE

Published: 05 March 2025

Published

05 March 2025

Modified

15 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score v3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0004 11.9th percentile

Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-25362 is a critical-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Hacktivesecurity (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 11.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as NLP and Transformers; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-25362 is a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in Spacy-LLM version 0.7.2. Published on 2025-03-05, it enables attackers to execute arbitrary code by injecting a crafted payload into the template field. The issue carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and maps to CWE-94 (Code Injection).

Remote attackers require no authentication, privileges, or user interaction to exploit this over the network with low attack complexity. Successful exploitation allows full arbitrary code execution on the server, compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability with high impact.

Mitigation guidance is available in referenced advisories, including the spacy-llm GitHub issue at https://github.com/explosion/spacy-llm/issues/492 and the Hacktive Security blog post at https://www.hacktivesecurity.com/blog/2025/04/01/cve-2025-25362-old-vulnerabilities-new-victims-breaking-llm-prompts-with-ssti/.

This vulnerability affects Spacy-LLM, a component for integrating large language models with spaCy's natural language processing capabilities, highlighting risks in AI/ML pipelines using unpatched template processing.

EU & UK References

🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-6100

Vulnerability details

A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability in Spacy-LLM v0.7.2 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via injecting a crafted payload into the template field.

CWE(s): CWE-94

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category: NLP and Transformers
Risk Domain: Supply Chain and Deployment
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025: None mapped
Classification Reason: Matched keywords: llm, spacy

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1221 Template Injection Stealth

Adversaries may create or modify references in user document templates to conceal malicious code or force authentication attempts.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

SSTI vulnerability enables remote exploitation of public-facing applications via crafted template payloads (T1190) and directly facilitates template injection for arbitrary code execution (T1221).