Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-25675

RCE in Tenda Ac10 Firmware 15.03.06.23

Published
20 February 2025
Modified
17 March 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.013 69th percentile
Risk Priority 74 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-25675 is a critical-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Tenda Ac10 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 31% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-25675 is a command injection vulnerability affecting the Tenda AC10 V1.0 router running firmware version V15.03.06.23. The flaw is located in the formexeCommand function, where the str variable directly receives user input from the cmdinput parameter in a POST request. This input is then assigned to the cmd_buf variable and passed without sanitization to the doSystemCmd function, enabling arbitrary command execution on the device.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), marking it as critical. Remote attackers require no authentication or user interaction and can exploit it over the network with low complexity. Successful exploitation grants attackers arbitrary command execution, allowing full compromise of the router, including data exfiltration, modification of configurations, or further network pivoting.

Details on the vulnerability, including proof-of-concept exploitation, are available in the GitHub repository at https://github.com/jangfan/my-vuln/blob/main/Tenda/AC10V1/formexeCommand.md. No vendor advisories or patches are referenced in the available information.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Tenda AC10 V1.0 V15.03.06.23 has a command injection vulnerablility located in the formexeCommand function. The str variable receives the cmdinput parameter from a POST request and is later assigned to the cmd_buf variable, which is directly used in the doSystemCmd…

more

function, causing an arbitrary command execution.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-42634Same vendor: Tenda
CVE-2025-25507Same vendor: Tenda
CVE-2023-24333Same vendor: Tenda
CVE-2026-24105Same vendor: Tenda
CVE-2026-24107Same vendor: Tenda
CVE-2024-35339Same vendor: Tenda
CVE-2023-23080Same vendor: Tenda
CVE-2023-27079Same vendor: Tenda
CVE-2023-27240Same vendor: Tenda
CVE-2023-30638Shared CWE-77, CWE-94

Affected Assets

tenda
ac10 firmware
15.03.06.23

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.3
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V1.2.9

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can discover command-construction flaws before deployment.

Input validation directly stops construction of commands from untrusted data containing special elements.

Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Secure engineering principles include proper neutralization and safe command construction practices.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and neutralization that prevent command injection.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of software and data can detect anomalous command execution resulting from injection.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying recorded vulnerabilities enables remediation of command-injection flaws before exploitation.

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Secure coding standards require proper escaping and parameterization of commands, directly eliminating CWE-77.

finds

Security testing in development catches command-injection vulnerabilities before release.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and command construction practices that directly prevent command injection.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including command injection.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the attack surface but do not prescribe the specific neutralization techniques needed.

none

Environment separation limits the blast radius of an exploited command injection but does not prevent the flaw itself.

References