Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:NCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2025-25785 is a critical-severity SSRF (CWE-918) vulnerability in Jizhicms Jizhicms. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 35th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2025-25785 is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability affecting JizhiCMS version 2.5.4, specifically within the \c\PluginsController.php component. This flaw enables attackers to conduct intranet scans through a crafted request, as documented under CWE-918. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N), indicating critical severity due to its network accessibility, low attack complexity, lack of required privileges or user interaction, and high impacts on confidentiality and integrity.
Remote, unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability by sending specially crafted requests to the affected JizhiCMS instance. Successful exploitation allows them to perform intranet scans, potentially accessing internal network resources, services, or metadata that would otherwise be inaccessible from the internet. The high confidentiality and integrity impacts suggest broader risks, such as unauthorized data exfiltration or manipulation of internal systems reachable via the SSRF.
Vendor references are available at http://jizhicms.com and https://www.jizhicms.cn/, which security practitioners should consult for any advisories, patches, or mitigation guidance related to this vulnerability in JizhiCMS v2.5.4. The CVE was published on 2025-02-26T15:15:26.720.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-5359
Vulnerability Data
JizhiCMS v2.5.4 was discovered to contain a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) via the component \c\PluginsController.php. This vulnerability allows attackers to perform an intranet scan via a crafted request.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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V1.3.6V1.5.3V5.3.2V10.4.7
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Information flow enforcement can restrict which destinations the server is allowed to contact on behalf of users.
Input validation directly stops untrusted URLs from being accepted and fetched without destination checks.
Boundary protection limits the network reach of server-initiated requests even if SSRF occurs.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Secure development practices directly include input validation and destination allow-listing that prevent SSRF.
Runtime monitoring of web applications and services can detect anomalous outbound requests indicative of SSRF.
Vulnerability identification processes can discover and record SSRF flaws in web applications.
Network segmentation and egress controls can limit the damage from successful SSRF requests.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Operational threat data describing SSRF campaigns can be used to tighten outbound-request allow-lists and detection rules before attackers exploit them.