Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-1849

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 03 March 2025

Published
03 March 2025
Modified
26 May 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 6.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0014 33.2th percentile
Risk Priority 13 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1849 is a medium-severity SSRF (CWE-918) vulnerability in Zframeworks Zz. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 33.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) and SC-7 (Boundary Protection).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Validates and limits the manipulated 'url' argument in /import_data_todb to prevent injection of malicious URLs enabling SSRF.

prevent

Enforces flow control policies restricting the server from initiating unauthorized requests to internal or external resources via SSRF.

prevent

Blocks SSRF-induced outbound connections through boundary protections like firewalls or proxies configured to deny access to disallowed destinations.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1046 Network Service Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of services running on remote hosts and local network infrastructure devices, including those that may be vulnerable to remote software exploitation.
Why these techniques?

The SSRF vulnerability (CWE-918) in the public-facing /import_data_todb endpoint enables exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190) and facilitates internal network service discovery (T1046) through server-side requests to arbitrary internal URLs.

NVD Description

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in zj1983 zz up to 2024-8. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /import_data_todb. The manipulation of the argument url leads to server-side request forgery. The attack can be…

more

launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-1849 is a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability classified as critical, affecting zj1983 zz up to version 2024-8. The issue resides in an unknown functionality of the /import_data_todb file, where manipulation of the url argument enables the SSRF. It is associated with CWE-918 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L). The vulnerability was published on 2025-03-03.

A remote attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:L/I:L/A:L), potentially enabling the attacker to force the server to make unauthorized requests to internal or external resources.

Advisories from sources like VulDB and GitHub repositories detail the vulnerability but note no vendor response despite early contact. No patches or official mitigations are mentioned; recent entries on VulDB (ctiid.298117, id.298117, submit.505346) confirm the issue without remediation guidance.

The exploit has been publicly disclosed, including proof-of-concept details in GitHub markdown files, increasing the risk of active use against unpatched instances.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

zframeworks
zz
≤ 2024-8

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-1848Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1833Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1831Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1834Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1820Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1818Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1832Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1821Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1812Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1847Same product: Zframeworks Zz

References