Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-1820

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 02 March 2025

Published
02 March 2025
Modified
26 May 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 6.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0006 18.6th percentile
Risk Priority 13 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1820 is a medium-severity Injection (CWE-74) vulnerability in Zframeworks Zz. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 18.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly prevents SQL injection by requiring validation and sanitization of the tableId input parameter before its use in database queries within the getOaWid function.

prevent

Mandates timely identification, reporting, and correction of critical flaws like this SQL injection vulnerability through patching or code remediation.

detect

Enables continuous monitoring of system and database activities to identify exploitation attempts through anomalous SQL queries or indicators of SQL injection.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1505 Server Software Component Persistence
Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.
T1213.006 Databases Collection
Adversaries may leverage databases to mine valuable information.
Why these techniques?

SQL injection in web application (ZworkflowAction.java) enables exploitation of public-facing application (T1190), abuse of server software component (T1505 as cited by VulDB), and data collection from databases via arbitrary SQL queries (T1213.006).

NVD Description

A vulnerability has been found in zj1983 zz up to 2024-8 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function getOaWid of the file src/main/java/com/futvan/z/system/zworkflow/ZworkflowAction.java. The manipulation of the argument tableId leads to sql injection. The attack can…

more

be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-1820 is a critical SQL injection vulnerability affecting zj1983 zz versions up to 2024-8. The issue resides in the getOaWid function within the file src/main/java/com/futvan/z/system/zworkflow/ZworkflowAction.java, where manipulation of the tableId argument enables SQL injection. This flaw, classified under CWE-74 and CWE-89, carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) and can be exploited remotely.

An attacker with low-privileged user access (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially enabling unauthorized data access, modification, or disruption through injected SQL payloads.

Advisories from VulDB and GitHub repositories detail the vulnerability, noting that the exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be actively used. The vendor was contacted early regarding the issue but provided no response, and no patches or mitigations are mentioned in the available references. Security practitioners should isolate affected systems and monitor for anomalous database queries until updates are available.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

zframeworks
zz
≤ 2024-8

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-1821Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1832Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1812Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1831Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1849Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1834Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1848Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1818Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1833Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1847Same product: Zframeworks Zz

References