Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-1821

MediumPublic PoC

Published: 02 March 2025

Published
02 March 2025
Modified
26 May 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 6.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0006 18.6th percentile
Risk Priority 13 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1821 is a medium-severity Injection (CWE-74) vulnerability in Zframeworks Zz. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 18.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 RA-5 (Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mandates validation of the userID input to block SQL injection manipulations in the getUserOrgForUserId function.

prevent

Requires timely identification, reporting, and correction of the SQL injection flaw in ZorgAction.java to prevent exploitation.

detect

Vulnerability scanning detects the publicly disclosed SQL injection in zj1983 zz for subsequent remediation.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1213.006 Databases Collection
Adversaries may leverage databases to mine valuable information.
T1505 Server Software Component Persistence
Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.
Why these techniques?

SQL injection in front-end web endpoint (/getUserOrgForUserId) enables exploitation of public-facing application (T1190), abuse of server software component (T1505), and collection from databases (T1213.006).

NVD Description

A vulnerability was found in zj1983 zz up to 2024-8 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function getUserOrgForUserId of the file src/main/java/com/futvan/z/system/zorg/ZorgAction.java. The manipulation of the argument userID leads to sql injection. The attack may be…

more

launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-1821 is a critical SQL injection vulnerability in zj1983 zz versions up to 2024-8. The flaw affects the getUserOrgForUserId function in the file src/main/java/com/futvan/z/system/zorg/ZorgAction.java, where manipulation of the userID argument triggers the injection.

Attackers can exploit this remotely over the network with low attack complexity, requiring low privileges but no user interaction. Per the CVSS 3.1 score of 6.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L), successful exploitation enables limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The issue maps to CWEs-74 and CWE-89.

VulDB advisories and a GitHub disclosure detail the exploit, which has been made public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early regarding the issue but provided no response, and no patches or specific mitigations are referenced.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

zframeworks
zz
≤ 2024-8

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-1820Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1832Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1812Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1831Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1849Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1834Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1848Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1818Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1833Same product: Zframeworks Zz
CVE-2025-1847Same product: Zframeworks Zz

References