Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-26678

HighLPE

Published: 08 April 2025

Published
08 April 2025
Modified
09 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 8.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0106 78.1th percentile
Risk Priority 17 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-26678 is a high-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1809. Its CVSS base score is 8.4 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 21.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-26678 is an improper access control vulnerability in Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) that permits bypass of a security feature through local attack vectors. The flaw is tracked under CWE-284 and carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.4 reflecting local access, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

An unauthorized attacker with local access can exploit the weakness to circumvent WDAC restrictions, thereby gaining the ability to execute code or perform actions that the application control policy would normally block.

The sole reference points to the Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-26678, which is the authoritative source for patch availability and recommended mitigation steps.

EPSS remains low at 0.0106 with no recorded increase from its peak value, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper access control in Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature locally.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.7136 · ≤ 10.0.17763.7136
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.5737
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.5737
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.5189
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.5189
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.3775
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.7136
microsoft
windows server 2022
≤ 10.0.20348.3453
microsoft
windows server 2022 23h2
≤ 10.0.25398.1551
microsoft
windows server 2025
≤ 10.0.26100.3775

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-284

The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.

addresses: CWE-284

Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.

addresses: CWE-284

Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.

addresses: CWE-284

Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.

addresses: CWE-284

By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.

addresses: CWE-284

Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.

addresses: CWE-284

Requiring prior authorization for each remote access type prevents improper access control over remote connections.

addresses: CWE-284

Requiring authorization of wireless access before allowing connections enforces proper access control for this access method.

References