CVE-2025-28038
Published: 22 April 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-28038 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Totolink Ex1200T Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, ranked in the top 13.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
TOTOLINK EX1200T firmware version V4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 contains a pre-authentication remote command execution vulnerability in the setWebWlanIdx function, triggered through the webWlanIdx parameter. The flaw is tracked as CVE-2025-28038 with a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8 and is classified under CWE-78 as an instance of OS command injection.
An unauthenticated attacker with network access can supply a crafted webWlanIdx value to the affected endpoint and execute arbitrary operating-system commands on the device. Successful exploitation grants full control over the router, allowing confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts without any user interaction or credentials.
EPSS for the CVE rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.0820 on 2026-02-16 before receding to the current value of 0.0265, indicating a period of increased exploitation interest after public disclosure. No further details on patches or real-world exploitation activity are available in the provided references.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-12271
Vulnerability details
TOTOLINK EX1200T V4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 was found to contain a pre-auth remote command execution vulnerability in the setWebWlanIdx function through the webWlanIdx parameter.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.