CVE-2025-28059
Published: 18 April 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-28059 is a high-severity Insufficient Session Expiration (CWE-613) vulnerability in Nagios Network Analyzer. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Valid Accounts (T1078); ranked in the top 22.2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-28059 is an access control vulnerability affecting Nagios Network Analyzer version 2024R1.0.3. It stems from improper session invalidation and stale token handling under CWE-613, where deletion of a user account by an administrator does not terminate active sessions or revoke associated API tokens, allowing continued access to system resources.
An unauthenticated attacker who previously held a valid account can exploit the flaw to retain unauthorized access to restricted functions after deletion. The issue carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.5 with a network attack vector, low complexity, and no required privileges or user interaction, resulting in high confidentiality impact.
The provided references include a Nagios changelog entry for the Network Analyzer product and a GitHub repository documenting residual data access after user deletion, though no explicit patch or mitigation details are stated in the available information. The associated EPSS score remains low, moving only from 0.0103 to a peak of 0.0106.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-11858
Vulnerability details
An access control vulnerability in Nagios Network Analyzer 2024R1.0.3 allows deleted users to retain access to system resources due to improper session invalidation and stale token handling. When an administrator deletes a user account, the backend fails to terminate active…
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sessions and revoke associated API tokens, enabling unauthorized access to restricted functions.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The vulnerability allows retention of active sessions and API tokens after user deletion, enabling persistence via valid local accounts (T1078, T1078.003), exploitation of the Nagios remote web service (T1210), and unauthorized access to network sources for service discovery (T1046).
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Locks the device (typically after inactivity) until re-authentication, addressing insufficient session expiration by preventing indefinite access.
Automatically terminating sessions after a defined period directly enforces session expiration, preventing indefinite session lifetimes that attackers can exploit.
Re-authentication after inactivity or time-based triggers prevents indefinite use of potentially hijacked or stale sessions.
Terminating sessions and network connections upon completion prevents insufficient session expiration.
Directly enforces termination of network sessions after inactivity or end-of-session, preventing indefinite session lifetime.
Consistent clocks across systems allow session expiration and timeout enforcement to function as intended in distributed environments.
When the non-persistent artifact is a session or connection, mandatory termination implements the missing expiration that CWE-613 describes.
Timed refresh of session-related information or on-demand generation plus deletion implements proper session expiration.