Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-28137

CriticalPublic PoCRCE

Published: 15 April 2025

Published
15 April 2025
Modified
29 April 2025
KEV Added
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Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.3232 97.0th percentile
Risk Priority 39 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-28137 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Totolink A810R Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 3.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis

The TOTOLINK A810R router running firmware version V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 contains a pre-authentication remote command execution vulnerability in the setNoticeCfg function. The flaw is triggered through the NoticeUrl parameter and stems from improper handling of user input, corresponding to CWE-78 OS command injection. The issue received a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8, reflecting network-accessible exploitation without credentials or user interaction.

An unauthenticated attacker can send a crafted HTTP request to the affected device and achieve arbitrary command execution on the underlying operating system. Successful exploitation grants full control over the router, allowing an adversary to read or modify data, install persistent malware, or pivot into the local network.

No vendor advisory or patch information is available in the referenced sources. The EPSS score stands at 0.3232 with no indicated rise from a lower baseline.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

The TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 were found to contain a pre-auth remote command execution vulnerability in the setNoticeCfg function through the NoticeUrl parameter.

CWE(s)
CWE-78

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Pre-auth RCE vulnerability in the router's web interface (setNoticeCfg via NoticeUrl) enables exploitation of a public-facing application.

Affected Assets

totolink
a810r firmware
4.1.2cu.5182_b20201026

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

SC-27 Platform-independent Applications
addresses: CWE-78

Platform-independent apps typically execute inside a managed runtime or sandbox that restricts direct OS command execution, reducing the ability to exploit OS command injection.

SI-10 Information Input Validation
addresses: CWE-78

Validates inputs to block special elements that would alter OS command execution.

References