CVE-2025-28399
Published: 15 April 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-28399 is a critical-severity Improper Privilege Management (CWE-269) vulnerability in Exrick Xmall. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, ranked in the top 20.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
Erick xmall versions 1.1 and earlier are affected by CVE-2025-28399, a privilege escalation flaw in the updateAddress method of the Address Controller class. The vulnerability is tracked under CWE-269 and received a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, reflecting network-accessible attack vectors that require no authentication or user interaction.
An unauthenticated remote attacker can invoke the vulnerable method to escalate privileges and obtain full read, write, and execute capabilities on the target instance, resulting in complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
The associated EPSS score has remained low, with a current value of 0.0118 and a recorded peak of 0.0171. A technical disclosure describing the issue is available in the referenced public repository.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-11090
Vulnerability details
An issue in Erick xmall v.1.1 and before allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the updateAddress method of the Address Controller class.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Policy addresses roles, responsibilities, and privilege management to prevent improper privilege assignments.
Access supervision ensures privileges are assigned and managed without improper escalation or retention.
Assigning group/role memberships and access authorizations (privileges) while reviewing accounts addresses improper privilege management.
Enforces proper privilege management by requiring all decisions through the verified reference monitor.
By mandating division of duties across roles, the control enforces proper privilege management and prevents a single entity from controlling an entire sensitive process.
Implements core proper privilege management by restricting to only required rights.
Policy requires training on privilege management and least privilege, making it harder to exploit improper privilege management weaknesses.
Training covers proper privilege management practices, making incorrect privilege assignments less likely.