CVE-2025-28406
Published: 07 April 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-28406 is a critical-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Ruoyi Ruoyi. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 17.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-28406 is an improper access control vulnerability, tracked under CWE-284, that affects RuoYi version 4.8.0. The flaw resides in handling of the jobLogId parameter and carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, reflecting network-accessible attack vectors that require no authentication or user interaction and can fully compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
A remote attacker can supply a crafted jobLogId value to escalate privileges and obtain unauthorized administrative capabilities within the application. Because the vector is unauthenticated and remotely exploitable, the issue can be leveraged by any internet-facing adversary to gain elevated control over the affected RuoYi instance.
The current EPSS score of 0.0167 with a recorded peak of 0.0250 indicates modest but noticeable growth in exploitation interest after public disclosure. Public references consist of GitHub repositories containing case details and the upstream RuoYi project, though no official patch or mitigation guidance is supplied in the available data.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-10355
Vulnerability details
An issue in RUoYi v.4.8.0 allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the jobLogId parameter
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The CVE allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the jobLogId parameter in RUoYi v4.8.0, directly facilitating T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.
Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.
Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.
Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.
By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.
Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.
Requiring prior authorization for each remote access type prevents improper access control over remote connections.
Requiring authorization of wireless access before allowing connections enforces proper access control for this access method.