CVE-2025-30076
Published: 16 March 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-30076 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Koha Community (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 7.7 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 19.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-30076 is a command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) in Koha, an open-source library management system, affecting versions prior to 24.11.02. The flaw resides in the tools/scheduler.pl script, where shell metacharacters in the report parameter can be leveraged by administrators to execute arbitrary commands. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.7 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant confidentiality and integrity impacts.
Exploitation targets authenticated administrators with network access to the Koha instance, though it demands high attack complexity. Attackers can inject malicious payloads into the report parameter of the scheduler script, achieving remote code execution on the server hosting Koha. This grants high-level access to execute arbitrary commands, potentially compromising sensitive library data or escalating privileges within the changed scope.
Mitigation involves upgrading to Koha 24.11.02 or later, as indicated by the vulnerability description. The Koha Bugzilla advisory (bug 39170) details the issue and fix, while a proof-of-concept exploit demonstrating the task scheduler RCE is publicly available in a GitHub repository by gl0wyy.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-6654
Vulnerability details
Koha before 24.11.02 allows admins to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the tools/scheduler.pl report parameter.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Command injection in scheduler.pl enables arbitrary command execution via shell metacharacters for authenticated admins (T1059.004 Unix Shell) and exploitation of a network-accessible application leading to RCE (T1190).
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Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly mitigates CVE-2025-30076 by requiring timely identification, reporting, and correction of the command injection flaw through patching to Koha 24.11.02 or later.
Prevents arbitrary command execution by enforcing validation of the report parameter in tools/scheduler.pl to reject shell metacharacters inconsistent with expected format.
Generates audit records for scheduler.pl report parameter usage and command executions, enabling identification of anomalous shell metacharacter injections by administrators.