Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-30369

Zulip Server 1.6.0 – 10.1

Published
31 March 2025
Modified
27 September 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 2.7
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0026 17th percentile
Risk Priority 25 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-30369 is a low-severity Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled SQL Primary Key (CWE-566) vulnerability in Zulip Zulip Server. Its CVSS base score is 2.7 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 17th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-24 (Access Control Decisions) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Zulip is an open-source team collaboration tool. The API for deleting an organization custom profile field is supposed to be restricted to organization administrators, but its handler failed to check that the field belongs to the same organization as the…

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user. Therefore, an administrator of any organization was incorrectly allowed to delete custom profile fields belonging to a different organization. This is fixed in Zulip Server 10.1.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-22735Same product: Zulip Zulip Server
CVE-2024-21630Same product: Zulip Zulip Server
CVE-2023-33186Same product: Zulip Zulip Server
CVE-2026-24050Same product: Zulip Zulip Server
CVE-2025-52559Same product: Zulip Zulip Server
CVE-2024-36612Same product: Zulip Zulip Server
CVE-2025-31478Same product: Zulip Zulip Server
CVE-2023-32678Same product: Zulip Zulip Server
CVE-2026-40300Same product: Zulip Zulip Server
CVE-2025-30368Same vendor: Zulip

Affected Assets

zulip
zulip server
1.6.0 — 10.1

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

AC-3 requires enforcement of authorizations on every access request, which directly stops a caller from reaching unauthorized rows via a supplied primary key.

AC-24 mandates that access-control decisions be applied to each request, preventing blind trust of a user-supplied primary key.

Least privilege reduces the set of records an account can touch, limiting blast radius even if the key check is missing.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-05 mostly match
prevents

Enforcing policy-based authorization and least privilege directly prevents actor-controlled primary-key access to unauthorized records.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices include input validation, parameterized queries, and authorization checks that eliminate this class of SQL primary-key bypass.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development can detect missing authorization checks and unsafe SQL construction before release.

prevents

Enforcing information-access restrictions prevents direct use of user-supplied primary keys to bypass authorization checks.

prevents

Access-control policy sets the governance expectation that all data access must be authorized, indirectly supporting prevention of CWE-566.

prevents

Defining application security requirements includes mandatory server-side authorization and parameterized queries that block this weakness.

mitigates

Secure architecture principles require least-privilege data access and input validation, directly mitigating the described authorization bypass.

prevents

Secure-coding standards mandate parameterized queries and server-side authorization, eliminating the root cause of CWE-566.

References