Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-31016

High

Published: 31 March 2025

Published
31 March 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0109 78.4th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-31016 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 21.6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-31016 is a PHP Local File Inclusion vulnerability arising from improper control of filenames in include or require statements. It affects the Crocoblock JetWooBuilder plugin for WordPress, specifically all versions through 2.1.18. The flaw is tracked under CWE-98 and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.5.

An attacker with low-privileged network access can exploit the issue, though the attack requires high complexity. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to include arbitrary local files, resulting in high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected WordPress site.

The vulnerability is documented in the Patchstack database, which provides the canonical advisory and version information for JetWooBuilder.

The associated EPSS score remains low, with a current value of 0.0109 and a peak of 0.0159.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Crocoblock JetWooBuilder jet-woo-builder allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects JetWooBuilder: from n/a through <= 2.1.18.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
Why these techniques?

LFI vulnerability in public-facing WordPress plugin enables exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190) and direct access to local system files for data disclosure (T1005).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-68537Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-28079Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-28061Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-28048Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-22516Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-28120Shared CWE-98
CVE-2025-67992Shared CWE-98
CVE-2025-31432Shared CWE-98
CVE-2026-39613Shared CWE-98
CVE-2025-26957Shared CWE-98

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Requires timely identification, reporting, and correction of the LFI flaw in JetWooBuilder plugin versions <=2.1.18 to eliminate the vulnerability.

prevent

Mandates validation of user-supplied filenames in PHP include/require statements to block malicious local file inclusion paths.

prevent

Enforces secure PHP configuration settings like open_basedir restrictions and disabled risky functions to limit file inclusion capabilities exploited by this LFI vulnerability.

References