Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-3128

CriticalRCE

Published: 21 August 2025

Published
21 August 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 9.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0007 22.2th percentile
Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-3128 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Mitsubishielectric (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 22.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-3128, published on 2025-08-21, is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8, CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) classified under CWE-78 (OS Command Injection) affecting Mitsubishi Electric smartRTU. The flaw enables a remote unauthenticated attacker who has bypassed authentication to execute arbitrary OS commands on the product.

A remote unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to disclose, tamper with, destroy, or delete information in the smartRTU, or cause a denial-of-service condition. The attack requires low complexity, no privileges, no user interaction, and operates over the network with unchanged scope.

Advisories providing mitigation guidance are available from Mitsubishi Electric at https://emea.mitsubishielectric.com/fa/products/quality/quality-news-information and CISA ICSA-25-105-09 at https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-105-09.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A remote unauthenticated attacker who has bypassed authentication could execute arbitrary OS commands to disclose, tamper with, destroy or delete information in Mitsubishi Electric smartRTU, or cause a denial-of service condition on the product.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
Why these techniques?

OS command injection in a network-exposed industrial device directly enables remote exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190) and arbitrary command execution via the system's command interpreter (T1059).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-60962Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-23316Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-30880Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-64124Shared CWE-78
CVE-2024-58274Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-34188Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-0680Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-5965Shared CWE-78
CVE-2025-50194Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-44590Shared CWE-78

Affected Assets

Mitsubishielectric
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly remediates the specific OS command injection flaw in Mitsubishi Electric smartRTU through timely application of vendor-provided patches from advisories.

prevent

Prevents CWE-78 OS command injection by validating and sanitizing all remote inputs before they are processed by OS command execution functions.

prevent

Limits the impact of injected OS commands by enforcing least privilege on processes handling user inputs in the smartRTU.

References