Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-31340

Critical

Published: 17 April 2025

Published
17 April 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 9.9 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0135 80.5th percentile
Risk Priority 21 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-31340 is a critical-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 9.9 (Critical).

Operationally, ranked in the top 19.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-31340 is an improper control of filename for include/require statement vulnerability, categorized under CWE-98, that affects the retrieve course information function in Wisdom Master Pro versions 5.0 through 5.2. The flaw resides in PHP code that fails to properly sanitize filenames supplied to include or require statements, enabling execution of attacker-controlled files.

Remote attackers can exploit the issue without authentication or user interaction to run arbitrary system commands on the affected server by supplying a malicious file path. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 9.9, reflecting network-accessible attack vectors with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

An advisory describing the issue is available at https://zuso.ai/advisory/za-2025-03.

EPSS for the CVE rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.0260, indicating that exploitation interest increased after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A improper control of filename for include/require statement in PHP program vulnerability in the retrieve course Information function of Wisdom Master Pro versions 5.0 through 5.2 allows remote attackers to perform arbitrary system commands by running a malicious file.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

Wisdom Master Pro
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

No mitigating controls mapped yet. The per-CVE control annotator has not reached this CVE.

References