Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-31387

High

Published: 31 March 2025

Published
31 March 2025
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0101 77.6th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-31387 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 22.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-31387 is a PHP Local File Inclusion vulnerability arising from improper control of filenames in include/require statements. It affects the InstaWP Connect WordPress plugin in versions up to and including 0.1.0.82 and is tracked under CWE-98.

The flaw can be exploited by unauthenticated remote attackers who supply crafted input to force inclusion of arbitrary local files on the server. Successful exploitation, which requires user interaction and presents high attack complexity per the CVSS 7.5 rating, can result in disclosure of sensitive information as well as impacts to integrity and availability.

The issue is documented in the Patchstack vulnerability database, which serves as the primary advisory reference for this CVE. The current EPSS score of 0.0101 with a modest peak of 0.0147 indicates limited observed exploitation interest to date.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in InstaWP InstaWP Connect instawp-connect allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects InstaWP Connect: from n/a through <= 0.1.0.82.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

The CVE describes a local file inclusion vulnerability in a publicly accessible WordPress plugin allowing remote unauthenticated attackers to include and execute arbitrary local PHP files, directly mapping to exploitation of public-facing applications.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

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Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Timely remediation through patching the InstaWP Connect plugin to a version beyond 0.1.0.82 directly eliminates the PHP Local File Inclusion vulnerability.

prevent

Validating filenames and paths in PHP include/require statements ensures only authorized local files can be included, preventing arbitrary file inclusion.

prevent

Secure PHP configuration settings, such as open_basedir restrictions or disabling allow_url_include, limit the scope of potential local file inclusions.

References