Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-32105

Memory Safety in Sangoma Img2020 Firmware ≤ 2.3.9.6

Public PoCMemory Safety
Published
03 June 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.011 61th percentile
Risk Priority 74 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-32105 is a critical-severity Classic Buffer Overflow (CWE-120) vulnerability in Sangoma Img2020 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 39% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

A buffer overflow vulnerability tracked as CVE-2025-32105 affects the HTTP server component of the Sangoma IMG2020 appliance through version 2.3.9.6. The flaw, assigned CWE-120, carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 and stems from insufficient bounds checking on incoming requests.

An unauthenticated attacker with network access can send a crafted HTTP request that triggers the overflow, resulting in arbitrary remote code execution. Successful exploitation grants the attacker full control over the affected device without requiring credentials or user interaction.

Technical reports detailing the vulnerability have been published on GitHub, but no vendor advisory or patch information is referenced in the available data. The associated EPSS score remains low and unchanged at 0.0147, indicating limited observed exploitation interest to date.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A buffer overflow in the the Sangoma IMG2020 HTTP server through 2.3.9.6 allows an unauthenticated user to achieve remote code execution.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-37457Same vendor: Sangoma
CVE-2024-42491Same vendor: Sangoma
CVE-2025-25900Shared CWE-120
CVE-2026-30006Shared CWE-120
CVE-2026-43807Shared CWE-120
CVE-2025-45058Shared CWE-120
CVE-2024-7157Shared CWE-120
CVE-2025-52863Shared CWE-120
CVE-2023-27061Shared CWE-120
CVE-2023-33082Shared CWE-120

Affected Assets

sangoma
img2020 firmware
≤ 2.3.9.6

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.2.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and analysis can find missing size checks before deployment.

Input validation directly enforces size checks before buffer copies.

Engineering principles require bounds checking and safe buffer handling in design.

Memory protection limits the impact of an overflow once it occurs.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure development practices directly enforce bounds checking and input validation that prevent classic buffer overflows.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes such as code review or scanning detect classic buffer overflows before exploitation.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching replaces vulnerable code containing unchecked buffer copies with corrected versions.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Secure coding directly requires bounds-checked memory operations, addressing the root cause of CWE-120.

finds

Security testing in development and acceptance can detect buffer overflows through fuzzing and static analysis, though it does not prevent them at the source.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates processes that can include input validation and bounds checking to prevent buffer overflows.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify input-size validation and safe buffer handling to mitigate classic buffer overflows.

prevents

Secure system architecture and engineering principles promote defensive coding patterns that reduce the likelihood of unchecked buffer copies.

References