Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-34040

Path Traversal

Public PoCPath Traversal
Published
24 June 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
CVSS Score v4 10.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.14 96th percentile
Risk Priority 58 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-34040 is a critical-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Seeyon (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 10.0 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

An arbitrary file upload vulnerability affects the Zhiyuan OA platform through the wpsAssistServlet interface. Improper validation of the realFileType and fileId parameters during multipart uploads permits path traversal, enabling the placement of crafted JSP files outside designated directories. The issue is tracked under CWE-22 and CWE-434 and carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 10.0.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit the flaw to upload and execute arbitrary JSP payloads, resulting in remote code execution on the web server. Exploitation evidence was recorded by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-02-01 UTC.

Vendor advisories and patch repositories, including those referenced by Seeyon and CNVD, direct administrators to apply available security updates for the affected OA platform. Public exploit code has also been published on Exploit-DB.

The EPSS score rose from lower values to a peak of 0.1619 on 2026-05-31 before receding to the current 0.0968, indicating increased exploitation interest after disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

An arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in the Zhiyuan OA platform via the wpsAssistServlet interface. The realFileType and fileId parameters are improperly validated during multipart file uploads, allowing unauthenticated attackers to upload crafted JSP files outside of intended directories using…

more

path traversal. Successful exploitation enables remote code execution as the uploaded file can be accessed and executed through the web server. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-02-01 UTC.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1505 Server Software Component Persistence
Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.
T1505.003 Web Shell Persistence
Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer Command And Control
Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-7309Shared CWE-22, CWE-434
CVE-2026-9102Shared CWE-22, CWE-434
CVE-2023-28833Shared CWE-22, CWE-434
CVE-2026-26984Shared CWE-22, CWE-434
CVE-2020-6754Shared CWE-22, CWE-434
CVE-2024-6707Shared CWE-22, CWE-434
CVE-2024-13981Shared CWE-22, CWE-434
CVE-2024-23946Shared CWE-22, CWE-434
CVE-2024-37847Shared CWE-22, CWE-434
CVE-2023-26578Shared CWE-22, CWE-434

Affected Assets

Seeyon
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.3.2
  • V5.1.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Enforces the intended directory access authorizations that path traversal would otherwise bypass.

Input validation directly neutralizes special path elements before pathname construction occurs.

Malicious-code protection at entry points blocks dangerous file types from being accepted and executed.

Least privilege reduces the impact of any unauthorized file access obtained via traversal.

Least functionality restricts the file types and automatic processing capabilities the system will accept.

SC-18 Mobile Code partial match

Mobile-code controls define, authorize, and block unacceptable uploaded code before automatic processing occurs.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-05 mostly match
prevents

Restricting execution of unauthorized software directly blocks dangerous uploaded files from running.

PR.PS-01 partial match
prevents

Hardened configuration baselines can enforce allowed file types and processing rules.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching/maintenance can remediate known path-traversal flaws in deployed software (partial prevention of exploitability) but does nothing to stop the coding defect from being introduced in the first place.

PR.PS-06 partial match
prevents

Secure development practices include input validation and file-type restrictions that prevent this weakness.

PR.AA-05 none match
prevents

PR.AA-05 defines and reviews access policies but does not address code-level pathname neutralization, so neither direction prevents CWE-22.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches path traversal via static/dynamic analysis.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and path sanitization that directly prevent path traversal.

prevents

Application security requirements include rules for safe file handling and canonicalization.

prevents

Secure architecture principles require least-privilege file access and directory isolation.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe path construction and mandate safe APIs.

mitigates

Information access restriction limits which files an application may read or write.

References