CVE-2025-47159
Published: 08 July 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-47159 is a high-severity Protection Mechanism Failure (CWE-693) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).
Operationally, ranked in the top 21.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-47159 is a protection mechanism failure in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave, tracked as CWE-693. The vulnerability received a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 and was published on 2025-07-08.
An attacker with existing local access and low privileges can exploit the flaw to bypass enclave protections and escalate to higher privileges, resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the host.
The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-47159 supplies patch information and mitigation guidance for affected Windows systems.
EPSS remains flat at a low value of 0.0111, with no material rise observed between current and peak scores.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-20658
Vulnerability details
Protection mechanism failure in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Implements a reliable, tamperproof protection mechanism whose completeness can be assured.
Procedures for training on protection mechanisms reduce the chance of protection mechanism failures being present or exploitable.
Documented procedures to implement assessment, authorization, and monitoring controls prevent these protection mechanisms from failing due to undefined processes.
Direct evaluation of whether controls produce desired security outcomes detects protection mechanism failures and enables remediation.
Requires assessment that protection mechanisms are correctly implemented and producing intended security outcomes.
The POA&M process ensures identified weaknesses in protection mechanisms are documented and scheduled for remediation, reducing the duration they remain exploitable.
Ongoing control assessments and analysis of monitoring data enable timely detection and response when protection mechanisms fail.
Impact analysis identifies changes that could weaken or disable existing protection mechanisms.