Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-47994

High

Published: 08 July 2025

Published
08 July 2025
Modified
15 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0141 80.9th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-47994 is a high-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Microsoft Office. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Malicious File (T1204.002); ranked in the top 19.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) and CM-6 (Configuration Settings).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-47994 is a deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability, tracked under CWE-502, that affects Microsoft Office. It received a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 reflecting local attack vector, low attack complexity, no required privileges, and required user interaction, with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

An unauthorized attacker can exploit the flaw locally when a user opens or interacts with specially crafted content, enabling the attacker to elevate privileges on the affected system without any prior access rights.

The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-47994 supplies official mitigation guidance and patch information. The associated EPSS score has remained flat at a low value of 0.0141 with no material increase observed since disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Deserialization of untrusted data in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1204.002 Malicious File Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution.
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Deserialization vulnerability in Office enables arbitrary code execution/privilege escalation via malicious file opened by user (T1204.002) and direct exploitation for local privilege escalation (T1068).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

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CVE-2026-40419Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2026-40418Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2025-21392Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2025-21356Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps
CVE-2025-21345Same product: Microsoft 365 Apps

Affected Assets

microsoft
365 apps
all versions
microsoft
office
2016, 2019
microsoft
office long term servicing channel
2021, 2024
microsoft
sharepoint enterprise server
2016

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Requires timely remediation of flaws, including applying vendor patches for the deserialization vulnerability in Microsoft Office to prevent exploitation.

prevent

Establishes secure configuration settings for Microsoft Office, such as enabling Protected View to sandbox untrusted documents and mitigate deserialization attacks.

preventdetect

Deploys malicious code protection mechanisms like antivirus and EDR to scan, block, or detect Office files exploiting the deserialization vulnerability.

References