Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-48389

RCE in Freescout ≤ 1.8.178

Published
29 May 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 8.6
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0079 53th percentile
Risk Priority 36 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-48389 is a high-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Freescout Freescout. Its CVSS base score is 8.6 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 47% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

FreeScout, a free self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox application, is affected by a deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability (CWE-502) in versions prior to 1.8.178. The flaw arises from insufficient validation when handling options: a string containing a serialized object can be supplied through the set function, and deserialization occurs when the value is later retrieved via the get method, resulting in arbitrary code execution.

An attacker with high privileges can exploit the issue remotely over a network with low attack complexity and no user interaction required, achieving high impacts on confidentiality and integrity along with limited availability effects on the affected instance.

The issue is resolved in version 1.8.178. The project has published a security advisory and applied a fix in commit f7548a7076a0b6e109001069d6be223fbd96c61e. The EPSS score has remained flat at 0.0399 with no material increase observed.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

FreeScout is a free self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox. Prior to version 1.8.178, FreeScout is vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data due to insufficient validation. Through the set function, a string with a serialized object can be passed, and…

more

when getting an option through the get method, deserialization will occur, which will allow arbitrary code execution This issue has been patched in version 1.8.178.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-54366Same product: Freescout Freescout
CVE-2025-58163Same product: Freescout Freescout
CVE-2024-34698Same product: Freescout Freescout
CVE-2026-34443Same product: Freescout Freescout
CVE-2026-39384Same product: Freescout Freescout
CVE-2025-48388Same product: Freescout Freescout
CVE-2026-32754Same product: Freescout Freescout
CVE-2026-35584Same product: Freescout Freescout
CVE-2025-48475Same product: Freescout Freescout
CVE-2025-48473Same product: Freescout Freescout

Affected Assets

freescout
freescout
≤ 1.8.178

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can uncover deserialization flaws before deployment.

Input validation directly stops deserialization of untrusted data by ensuring inputs are valid before processing.

Engineering principles such as safe deserialization and input sanitization structurally prevent the weakness from being introduced.

Integrity verification tools can detect malformed or tampered serialized data after the fact.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-02 none match
prevents

PR.PS-02 addresses only post-deployment updates/patching and cannot prevent introduction of unsafe deserialization code, yet it can remediate some instances when the flaw exists in outdated libraries or components.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing includes validation of deserialization routines and the use of untrusted data, reducing the likelihood that unsafe object reconstruction will be deployed.

prevents

Requiring vetted libraries, regular updates and SAST before release reduces the likelihood that deserialization logic will accept and act on attacker-controlled serialized objects.

finds

Regular scanning of third-party libraries and timely patching reduce the likelihood that unsafe deserialization vulnerabilities remain active.

none

Mandatory malware scanning of data received over networks or storage media intercepts malicious serialized payloads before they are deserialized by the target application.

References