CVE-2025-4855

Critical

Published: 09 July 2025

Published

09 July 2025

Modified

14 July 2025

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0077 73.6th percentile

Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-4855 is a critical-severity Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639) vulnerability in Schiocco Support Board. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 26.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 RA-5 (Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Remediating the hardcoded default secrets flaw in the Support Board plugin directly prevents unauthenticated attackers from bypassing authorization and executing arbitrary AJAX actions.

RA-5 Vulnerability Monitoring and Scanning good match

detect

Vulnerability monitoring and scanning identifies vulnerable versions of the Support Board plugin affected by CVE-2025-4855, enabling timely patching.

CM-11 User-installed Software partial match

prevent

Prohibits installation of unapproved user-installed software such as vulnerable WordPress plugins, preventing introduction of flaws like hardcoded secrets in Support Board.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1552 Unsecured Credentials Credential Access

Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Hardcoded secrets enable auth bypass in public-facing WordPress plugin (T1190); root cause is directly unsecured/hardcoded credentials (T1552).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

The Support Board plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access/modification/deletion of data due to use of hardcoded default secrets in the sb_encryption() function in all versions up to, and including, 3.8.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to…

bypass authorization and execute arbitrary AJAX actions defined in the sb_ajax_execute() function. An attacker can use this vulnerability to exploit CVE-2025-4828 and various other functions unauthenticated.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-4855 is a critical vulnerability in the Support Board plugin for WordPress, affecting all versions up to and including 3.8.0. It arises from the use of hardcoded default secrets in the sb_encryption() function, enabling unauthorized access, modification, and deletion of data (CWE-639). Published on 2025-07-09, the flaw carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating severe risk due to its network accessibility, low complexity, and lack of required privileges or user interaction.

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability to bypass authorization and execute arbitrary AJAX actions defined in the sb_ajax_execute() function. This grants access to exploit CVE-2025-4828 unauthenticated, along with various other functions, allowing full compromise of affected data and potentially leading to high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts on vulnerable WordPress sites running the plugin.

Mitigation details are available in advisories from Wordfence and on the plugin's CodeCanyon page. Security practitioners should review these references for patch information, as the vulnerability impacts versions up to 3.8.0.