CVE-2025-49383

High

Published: 28 August 2025

Published

28 August 2025

Modified

23 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score v3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0016 36.4th percentile

Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-49383 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 36.4th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-49383 is an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program vulnerability, referred to as PHP Remote File Inclusion but enabling PHP Local File Inclusion, in the CocoBasic Neresa WordPress theme (neresa-wp). This issue affects Neresa versions from n/a through 1.3 and is associated with CWE-98.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network with no user interaction required, though it demands high attack complexity. Successful exploitation results in high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as reflected in its CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/neresa-wp/vulnerability/wordpress-neresa-theme-1-3-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve documents this local file inclusion vulnerability in the Neresa WordPress theme version 1.3.

EU & UK References

🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-26013

Vulnerability details

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in CocoBasic Neresa neresa-wp allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Neresa: from n/a through <= 1.3.

CWE(s): CWE-98

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1005 Data from Local System Collection

Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

LFI in public-facing WordPress theme directly enables exploitation of the web app (T1190) and arbitrary local file reads (T1005).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1