Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-49719

High

Published: 08 July 2025

Published
08 July 2025
Modified
17 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0761 92.0th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-49719 is a high-severity Improper Input Validation (CWE-20) vulnerability in Microsoft Sql Server 2016. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 8.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

The vulnerability CVE-2025-49719 stems from improper input validation (CWE-20) in SQL Server. It received a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, and high impact on confidentiality with no requirements for privileges or user interaction.

An unauthenticated attacker can send crafted network requests to trigger the flaw and obtain sensitive information from the database server. The published description explicitly notes that exploitation occurs over a network without authorization.

The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49719 supplies official guidance on available updates and mitigation. The EPSS score shows only minor movement between a current value of 0.0761 and a peak of 0.0887.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper input validation in SQL Server allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

microsoft
sql server 2016
13.0.6300.2 — 13.0.6460.7 · 13.0.7000.253 — 13.0.7055.9
microsoft
sql server 2017
14.0.1000.169 — 14.0.2075.8 · 14.0.3006.16 — 14.0.3495.9
microsoft
sql server 2019
15.0.2000.5 — 15.0.2135.5 · 15.0.4003.23 — 15.0.4435.7
microsoft
sql server 2022
16.0.1000.6 — 16.0.1140.6 · 16.0.4003.1 — 16.0.4200.1

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-20

Security testing and developer training directly verify and enforce proper input validation, reducing exploitability of injection and malformed-data weaknesses.

addresses: CWE-20

Security testing and evaluation at multiple SDLC stages directly detects missing or flawed input validation, with the required remediation process ensuring fixes are applied.

addresses: CWE-20

Directly implements checks on information inputs to reject invalid data before processing.

addresses: CWE-20

Spam protection mechanisms perform filtering and detection on inbound/outbound messages, directly compensating for missing or weak input validation of unsolicited content.

References