Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-49729

High

Published: 08 July 2025

Published
08 July 2025
Modified
16 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0064 70.7th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-49729 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 29.3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Requires timely remediation of the specific heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in RRAS through application of vendor patches from the Microsoft advisory.

prevent

Implements memory protection mechanisms such as DEP and ASLR that directly mitigate exploitation of heap buffer overflows for remote code execution.

prevent

Reduces exposure by prohibiting or restricting unnecessary RRAS functionality and ports/protocols consistent with least functionality requirements.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Why these techniques?

Heap buffer overflow in exposed RRAS service directly enables remote arbitrary code execution against a remote service or public-facing application.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-49729 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability, classified under CWE-122, affecting the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). Published on 2025-07-08T17:16:01.190, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant impact.

An unauthorized attacker can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low attack complexity and no required privileges, though user interaction is necessary. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code remotely on the targeted system.

The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-49729 provides details on patches and mitigation recommendations for addressing this issue.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.8246
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.7558
microsoft
windows server 2022
≤ 10.0.20348.3932
microsoft
windows server 2022 23h2
≤ 10.0.25398.1732
microsoft
windows server 2025
≤ 10.0.26100.4652

CVEs Like This One

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CVE-2025-49663Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-49668Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-49672Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-54113Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-21208Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008
CVE-2025-49757Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2008

References