Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-5095

Critical

Published: 08 August 2025

Published
08 August 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 9.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0035 58.1th percentile
Risk Priority 19 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-5095 is a critical-severity Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306) vulnerability in Burk Technology ARC (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 41.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and IA-5 (Authenticator Management).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-5095 affects Burk Technology's ARC Solo device, where the password change mechanism lacks proper authentication procedures. An attacker can send a password change request directly to the device's HTTP endpoint without providing valid credentials, as the system does not enforce authentication or session validation, allowing the change to proceed unverified. This vulnerability, associated with CWE-306 (Missing Authentication for Critical Function), carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and was published on 2025-08-08.

The vulnerability enables remote exploitation over the network by any unauthenticated attacker with access to the device's HTTP endpoint and low attack complexity, requiring no user interaction or privileges. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to change the device's password, effectively taking over the device and achieving high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Mitigation guidance is available in CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-25-219-03 at https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-219-03 and on the Burk Technology ARC Solo product page at https://www.burk.com/products/Broadcast/ARC-Solo-6.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Burk Technology ARC Solo's password change mechanism can be utilized without proper authentication procedures, allowing an attacker to take over the device. A password change request can be sent directly to the device's HTTP endpoint without providing valid credentials. The…

more

system does not enforce proper authentication or session validation, allowing the password change to proceed without verifying the request's legitimacy.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Missing authentication on public HTTP password-change endpoint directly enables remote exploitation of a public-facing application.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21515Shared CWE-306
CVE-2025-57432Shared CWE-306
CVE-2026-27446Shared CWE-306
CVE-2026-21446Shared CWE-306
CVE-2021-47891Shared CWE-306
CVE-2025-41715Shared CWE-306
CVE-2026-24790Shared CWE-306
CVE-2025-21524Shared CWE-306
CVE-2025-53072Shared CWE-306
CVE-2025-40771Shared CWE-306

Affected Assets

Burk
Technology ARC
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Requires enforcement of approved authorizations for access to system resources, directly preventing unauthenticated password changes via the HTTP endpoint.

prevent

Mandates protection of authenticator content from unauthorized modification, addressing the lack of authentication in the password change mechanism.

AC-17 Remote Access partial match
prevent

Establishes authentication and controls for remote access mechanisms like the device's exposed HTTP endpoint used for password changes.

References